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inotify_init

(PECL inotify >= 0.1.2)

inotify_init初始化一個 inotify 實例

說明

inotify_init(): 資源|false

初始化一個 inotify 實例,以供 inotify_add_watch() 使用

參數

此函式沒有參數。

傳回值

一個串流資源,或錯誤時傳回 false

範例

範例 #1 inotify 的使用範例

<?php
// 開啟一個 inotify 實例
$fd = inotify_init();

// 監控 __FILE__ 的 metadata 異動 (例如:mtime)
$watch_descriptor = inotify_add_watch($fd, __FILE__, IN_ATTRIB);

// 產生一個事件
touch(__FILE__);

// 讀取事件
$events = inotify_read($fd);
print_r($events);

// 以下方法允許使用 inotify 函數而不阻塞在 inotify_read() 上:

// - 在 $fd 上使用 stream_select():
$read = array($fd);
$write = null;
$except = null;
stream_select($read,$write,$except,0);

// - 在 $fd 上使用 stream_set_blocking()
stream_set_blocking($fd, 0);
inotify_read($fd); // 不會阻塞,如果沒有待處理的事件,則返回 false

// - 使用 inotify_queue_len() 檢查事件佇列是否為空
$queue_len = inotify_queue_len($fd); // 如果 > 0,inotify_read() 不會阻塞

// 停止監控 __FILE__ 的 metadata 異動
inotify_rm_watch($fd, $watch_descriptor);

// 關閉 inotify 實例
// 如果尚未完成,這可能會關閉所有監控
fclose($fd);

?>

以上範例的輸出會類似於

array(
  array(
    'wd' => 1,     // Equals $watch_descriptor
    'mask' => 4,   // IN_ATTRIB bit is set
    'cookie' => 0, // unique id to connect related events (e.g. 
                   // IN_MOVE_FROM and IN_MOVE_TO events)
    'name' => '',  // the name of a file (e.g. if we monitored changes
                   // in a directory)
  ),
);

另請參閱

新增註解

使用者貢獻的註解 1 則註解

david dot schueler at tel-billig dot de
14 年前
使用 inotify 持續監控檔案(類似 tail -f)的範例。
<?php
/**
* Tail a file (UNIX only!)
* Watch a file for changes using inotify and return the changed data
*
* @param string $file - filename of the file to be watched
* @param integer $pos - actual position in the file
* @return string
*/
function tail($file,&$pos) {
// get the size of the file
if(!$pos) $pos = filesize($file);
// Open an inotify instance
$fd = inotify_init();
// Watch $file for changes.
$watch_descriptor = inotify_add_watch($fd, $file, IN_ALL_EVENTS);
// Loop forever (breaks are below)
while (true) {
// Read events (inotify_read is blocking!)
$events = inotify_read($fd);
// Loop though the events which occured
foreach ($events as $event=>$evdetails) {
// React on the event type
switch (true) {
// File was modified
case ($evdetails['mask'] & IN_MODIFY):
// Stop watching $file for changes
inotify_rm_watch($fd, $watch_descriptor);
// Close the inotify instance
fclose($fd);
// open the file
$fp = fopen($file,'r');
if (!
$fp) return false;
// seek to the last EOF position
fseek($fp,$pos);
// read until EOF
while (!feof($fp)) {
$buf .= fread($fp,8192);
}
// save the new EOF to $pos
$pos = ftell($fp); // (remember: $pos is called by reference)
// close the file pointer
fclose($fp);
// return the new data and leave the function
return $buf;
// be a nice guy and program good code ;-)
break;

// File was moved or deleted
case ($evdetails['mask'] & IN_MOVE):
case (
$evdetails['mask'] & IN_MOVE_SELF):
case (
$evdetails['mask'] & IN_DELETE):
case (
$evdetails['mask'] & IN_DELETE_SELF):
// Stop watching $file for changes
inotify_rm_watch($fd, $watch_descriptor);
// Close the inotify instance
fclose($fd);
// Return a failure
return false;
break;
}
}
}
}

// Use it like that:
$lastpos = 0;
while (
true) {
echo
tail($file,$lastpos);
}
?>
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